IP Threat Report
45.138.12.28
ABUSE.MOM — BEHAVE OR GET EXPOSED
Geolocation & Classification
Detection Signatures
| Signature | Description | Points | Severity |
|---|---|---|---|
| 404 ratio 40-60% | Majority of requests returned 404 — enumeration | +15 | |
| 404 ratio >= 60% | Majority of requests returned 404 — enumeration | +25 | |
| Burst 117/2s | Abnormally fast request rate — automated scanning | +35 | |
| Burst 118/10s | Abnormally fast request rate — automated scanning | +35 | |
| Burst 118/2s | Abnormally fast request rate — automated scanning | +35 | |
| Burst 119/10s | Abnormally fast request rate — automated scanning | +35 | |
| Burst 119/2s | Abnormally fast request rate — automated scanning | +35 | |
| Burst 120/10s | Abnormally fast request rate — automated scanning | +35 | |
| Burst 120/2s | Abnormally fast request rate — automated scanning | +35 | |
| Burst 123/2s | Abnormally fast request rate — automated scanning | +35 | |
| Burst 127/2s | Abnormally fast request rate — automated scanning | +35 | |
| Burst 128/2s | Abnormally fast request rate — automated scanning | +35 | |
| Burst 129/2s | Abnormally fast request rate — automated scanning | +35 | |
| Burst 130/2s | Abnormally fast request rate — automated scanning | +35 | |
| Burst 131/10s | Abnormally fast request rate — automated scanning | +35 | |
| Burst 131/2s | Abnormally fast request rate — automated scanning | +35 | |
| Burst 132/10s | Abnormally fast request rate — automated scanning | +35 | |
| Burst 133/10s | Abnormally fast request rate — automated scanning | +35 | |
| Burst 170/10s | Abnormally fast request rate — automated scanning | +35 | |
| Burst 170/2s | Abnormally fast request rate — automated scanning | +35 | |
| Burst 200/10s | Abnormally fast request rate — automated scanning | +35 | |
| Burst 200/2s | Abnormally fast request rate — automated scanning | +35 | |
| Danger medium hits: 20 | Medium-risk: admin panels, config files | +60 | |
| Danger medium hits: 5 | Medium-risk: admin panels, config files | +50 | |
| Danger medium hits: 6 | Medium-risk: admin panels, config files | +60 | |
| Danger strong hits: 125 | High-risk paths: shells, RCE vectors, exploits | +100 | |
| Danger strong hits: 72 | High-risk paths: shells, RCE vectors, exploits | +100 | |
| Danger strong hits: 74 | High-risk paths: shells, RCE vectors, exploits | +100 | |
| Danger strong hits: 75 | High-risk paths: shells, RCE vectors, exploits | +100 | |
| Danger strong hits: 76 | High-risk paths: shells, RCE vectors, exploits | +100 | |
| Danger strong hits: 78 | High-risk paths: shells, RCE vectors, exploits | +100 | |
| Danger strong hits: 79 | High-risk paths: shells, RCE vectors, exploits | +100 | |
| Foreign referer | Referer from unrelated external domain | +10 | |
| POST seen | Behavioral anomaly detected by automated analysis | +8 | |
| UA changed | Multiple User-Agents — bot rotation technique | +25 |
Observed Activity
Reconstructed HTTP requests from server access logs. Target domains redacted for security.
* Typical request patterns for detected signatures. Actual target domains are redacted.
Timeline
Network Provider
We have detected 30 malicious IPs from this autonomous system.
Recommendations
Actions taken & recommended
- IP 45.138.12.28 is blocked at application level (HTTP 403)
- Consider blocking at firewall level (iptables/CSF) to reduce server load
- Other malicious IPs detected in the same /24 subnet — consider blocking 45.138.12.0/24
- Report abuse to the network provider via their abuse contact
- Ensure sensitive files (.env, .git, backups) are not accessible from the web
🔎 Path Enumeration Protection
Block scanning from 45.138.12.28: rate-limit 404 responses per IP, deploy a honeypot 404 page, ensure no backup files are web-accessible.
🌊 Flood / DDoS Mitigation
Implement limit_req_zone in nginx. Deploy CDN with DDoS protection. Configure SYN cookies and connection tracking to throttle 45.138.12.28.
🤖 User-Agent Anomaly Defense
IP 45.138.12.28 shows suspicious UA behavior. Block empty User-Agent requests. Implement JavaScript-based bot detection for sensitive endpoints.
Neighbors in 45.138.12.0/24
Other blocked IPs from the same /24 subnet — indicates systematic abuse from this network range.
Blacklist Status (DNSBL)
This IP was checked against major DNS-based blacklists used by mail servers and firewalls worldwide.
Checked: Spamhaus, SpamCop, Barracuda, SORBS, CBL, UCEProtect. Results may change over time.
Threat Analysis
45.138.12.28 has been assigned a threat score of 280/100 (Critical). A score this high marks a critical threat actor. This address has demonstrated persistent, aggressive malicious behavior across multiple detection vectors.
The following attack categories were identified:
📊 Threat Analysis
IP address 45.138.12.28 has been traced to Newport, United Kingdom, operating on the network of TC DATACENTER LIMITED. Our threat detection systems have flagged this address based on observed malicious behavior patterns. Our sensors captured 1,949 malicious requests from this address across a 23-day span, reflecting a sustained attack cadence of ~84.7 requests per day. Classified as a hosting IP, this address likely runs on a rented server or cloud instance. Attackers prefer datacenter IPs for their high bandwidth and disposable nature. The combination of 3 distinct attack vectors indicates a sophisticated, multi-pronged threat actor deploying automated tools that probe multiple attack surfaces simultaneously. Our records show 3,198 malicious IPs originating from United Kingdom, positioning it as a major contributor to global threat activity. With a threat score of 280/100, this IP is among the most dangerous addresses in our database. Immediate and complete blocking is strongly recommended.
This IP belongs to a hosting or data center provider. Malicious traffic from hosting infrastructure often originates from compromised VPS instances, rented servers used for scanning campaigns, or abused free-tier cloud accounts. Hosting providers typically respond to abuse reports within 24-72 hours.
Related Threats
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💡 DDoS Mitigation Approaches
Distributed denial of service attacks overwhelm infrastructure with traffic volume. Effective mitigation combines always-on traffic scrubbing, anycast network distribution, rate limiting, and the ability to quickly scale absorption capacity during attacks.
💡 DNS-Based Threat Detection
Monitoring DNS queries reveals malicious activity including command-and-control communication, data exfiltration through DNS tunneling, and connections to known malicious domains. DNS is often the first indicator of compromise in network forensics.